The
final plunge
Narayana
Guru was only concerned with two things in his life; one was the in-dwelling
Absolute that shines within all; and the other was the woes of life
to which man is exposed everywhere. It was not his intention to make
a hero of himself in the minds of others. He, therefore, did not bother
to tell anyone what difficulties he overcame to achieve the fulfillment
of his search. Nataraja Guru in his well known book The Word of the
Guru gives a beautiful description of Narayana Guru's search.
Leaving his home behind him, for years he had wandered from one man
to another, from one center to another, before he came to settle down,
for the time being at least, at this spot. During this period of restless
travelling he had sometimes walked three to four hundred miles with
no better provision than that of a mere mendicant. Sometimes he had
to swim across rivers or stretches of backwater on the coastline, but
these barriers could not hinder the spirit of search that had awakened
in him. Unknown to the millions, who only later began to adore him,
he passed from one village to another, sleeping at night on a cloth
spread on the stone slabs of some wayside rest house, with his stick
as his only companion beside him. Other vesper hours found him perchance
in a wayside verandah or some forsaken temple-yard where, with the leaves
rustling in a gentle evening breeze and sometimes with the moon shining,
he spent his night, famished perhaps, fatigued and forlorn, but at least
apparently in slumber: in reality inwardly awake with the 'light of
the silent tabernacle' of the mind.
It is generally believed that the Guru did the last phase of his penance
in a cave in Marutvamalai, which is not far from Kanyakumari. How long
he remained in this cave and how he managed to sustain himself physically
are all, at best, only guesses today. It is presumed that he had his
awakening during his solitary penance in the cave of Marutvamalai. His
reference of mystical experiences given in the Atmopadesa Satakam
must have direct bearing on what he had experienced in Marutvamalai.
We quote here two verses from the Atmopadesa Satakam translated
by Nataraja Guru, which allude to such an experience.
If
an arid desert most expansive should become overflooded
By river water all at once, such would be the rising symphony
Falling into the ears, to open then the eye, do therefore
Daily become the best of sages, endowed with self-control
Like the dawn all together of ten thousand solar orbs
Wisdom's function comes: such verily is that which
Tears asunder this wisdom-hiding, transient Maya-darkness here
And as the primal Sun prevails.
The
great awakening bestowed upon the Guru an all-inclusive vision of unity.
A man who is seeing the one Absolute that transcends the phenomenal
may feel tempted to withdraw himself from the maddening crowd of humanity
into the silence of a cloister. But Narayana Guru experienced the vision
of unity in a very different manner. The immanent and all pervading
Absolute in its purest aspect is the Blissful Awareness of Eternal Existence.
But it very often occurs to us as an ill-fed child, a crying mother,
and a downtrodden man of the street or a neglected member of an outcaste
society. Paying homage to the Absolute, in such a case, is by relating
to such people with tears in the eye and reverence in the heart. For
this reason Narayana Guru decided to return to the world from which
he had withdrawn to seek the mystery of life. It was not an easy task
for him to get adjusted to the conflicting worlds of the numinous beauty
inside and the phenomenal ugliness outside. It was not possible for
Narayana Guru to return to the society all at once. He therefore chose
to live in a thick jungle on the banks of the river Neyyar, a couple
of miles away from the township of Neyyattinkara. Like a molten gold
in a smith's furnace the Guru's inner psyche was in an ecstatic state
of white heat. In his jungle abode he was slowly melting into shape
to become a Guru. It was necessary for him to remain undisturbed in
the solitude of the forest. The mystical turbulence he had undergone
in those wonderful days can be seen reflected in the various hymns he
sung in praise of Shiva, Subrahmanyaa and Devi. We are tempted to quote
here some of the very beautiful passages from The Word of the Guru
of Nataraja Guru, which throw light on Narayana Guru's mystical
experience in those days.
This state of self-absorption increased soon after. Human company of
any sort became unbearable to him. When a curious passer-by stood and
watched him as he would a curious animal in the zoo (so he himself described
it) he would sometimes spring to his feet in resentment and walk off
to the neighboring hill-top on the summit of which, on a pile of stones
for a seat, he would sit cross-legged, erect and silent, gazing at the
vast panorama of hills that was visible from that point of vantage.
He sank deeper and deeper into oblivion of the affairs of the world.
The mind seemed to feed on itself and reap a strange happiness.
The emotional counterpart of this incessant search was so heavy as to
make even a sturdy supporter grown under its trials. The torrential
stream on the banks of which he sat was but an objective representation
of the state of emotion in his heart. Nothing can describe adequately
the trials he underwent. It would be vain to undertake the task.
It was as if he was drunk. The red fire of knowledge was beginning to
glow within him. It was as if his feelings were beginning to melt. It
was as if the ambrosial essence of his being was beginning to pervade
his mental horizon. This emotion made him call upon as his only refuge--God,
'whose tender feet dripped with the honey of compassion.' God was to
him the pearl of perfection, the dancing center of his life, the lotus
that sprouted in the silence of his heart caught in the center of which,
buried among the petals, like a bumble bee having its fill of honey,
his soul in the form of a radiant child planting his foot in the center
of a glowing radiance, had devoured within his being the light of the
sun and the moon. It was as if this radiant form was dancing and swaying
at the center of his being, mounted on the back of a peacock with outspread
feathers of green and gold. It was as if a lamp shed its steady light
in the silent house of the mind .
It was an experience beyond words; and the volume and force with which
images such as these surged up within his mind, richly breaking through
barriers of rhyme and metre in some of his prayers written at this period,
throw ample light on its nature.
This new experience was not in the nature of an event. It was an experience
that changed for him the meaning and import of all events, so called.
He waited no more for events that would bring him pleasure or pain.
He inwardly smiled at the events that others round him attached so much
importance to. The events that disturbed or frightened others round
him, making them put on grave faces and speak to one another with hidden
hatred seemed to him child's play. Death had lost its bitter meaning
to him and the unknown had lost its mystery.
It was as if he had come into possession of a rich heritage. A veritable
ball of radiance had come into his possession. Its light seemed to heave,
with every breath reaching beyond the bounds of the three worlds. Sounds
seemed to fill the sky. The eye was filled with beauty. Music and rhyme
burst forth unpremeditated in his voice. Tears of compassion and pity
stood ready, at the least little demand, to overflow into action. He
became a changed man with a strange silence in his ways, both the subject
and the object of utmost compassion.
Undivided
and uncramped with trivial events, time to him became richer and richer
in inner meaning, while the ponderable aspect of time became of less
import. Past,present and future merged into a continuous whole and he
forgot weeks and months as they glided freely by without affecting him.
The joy of the state into which he had fallen was alluring him deeper
and deeper into his own conscious-ness. Controlling with an iron will
the domination of one set of emotions over another, upright as a bolt,
established firmly in that kind of reasoning which concerned itself
with the most immediate realities of a simplified world, he soon entered
into a distinct phase in his life. The hunger of a simple villager who
carne to visit him became a matter of greater concern to him than theological
disputation or the establishment of a new religion. He began to live
in a present which was the result of an endless and pure experience
of the past and the most far-reaching expectation of the future. The
result was that his duties became clear as daylight to him at every
step. Philanthropy became a natural hobby to him. Philosophy gave his
actions a detached motive, and poetry gave him the means of natural
expression.His life and ambitions were simplified and the foundations
of a career of benevolence and prosperity were laid in his personality.
At
this time Narayana Guru must have been in his middle thirties. Most
probably he might have been 36, When Narayana Guru was undergoing the
emotional upheavals of his mystical frenzies a young sannyasin was wandering
from Kanyakumari to the north of India. He was none other than Narendranatha
Dutt who became famous afterwards as Swami Vivekananda. The rigid caste
prejudices and cruel oppression to which the sun-burnt working majority
were subjected made Swami Vivekananda write a wrathful letter to a devotee
in Calcutta. In that letter he described the princely state of Travancore
(now part of kerala) as a lunatic asylum of caste bigotry. When the
Swami visited Mysore the Maharaja of Mysore received him with great
love and he was introduced to all the important people working under
him. Among them was Dr. Palpu from Travancore. Dr. Palpu was the head
of the Public Health Department. He was also the durbar Physician. Even
though he was the first in his community to go abroad and take a medical
degree from England, he was not given a position in the service of the
Travancore Government on the plea that such an appointment was against
the caste tradition in India, He did not consider it as a personal insult.
To him this insult was symbolic of the injustice shown to the several
millions of downtrodden people in India. He disclosed his grief to Swami
Vivekananda. The prophetic vision of Swamiji could easily see what was
going to happen in the southern regions. He advised the doctor to seek
the blessings and guidance of a spiritual Guru hailing from Kerala itself.
In the meanwhile something was happening also to the young yogi who
was meditating in the jungles of Aruvipuram. A lad of sixteen saw a
man sitting on the solitary bank of the river Neyyar. Something in that
man had drawn him to the yogi. The yogi requested the lad not to publicize
his presence there. However, the boy became a constant visitor to the
yogi, and he even brought fruits and boiled tapioca to his Guru. This
young man was destined to be the first disciple of Narayana Guru. He
became later known as Sivalinga Swami. In spite of the promise of secrecy,
news had leaked out to the public and soon there was a flow of people
to the hermitage. The Conservator of Forests in that area was very unhappy
that he had no children. As was usual they looked upon the newly found
yogi as a benevolent siddha who would grant them the boons they
wanted. The Conservator of Forests asked his people to clear the jungle
and make a footpath to the hermitage of the yogi. As was normal the
Guru blessed the man and his wife, and a daughter was born to them.
She became afterwards a good legislator and a social worker. Her name
was Narayani Amma. More and more devotees gathered for worship and it
became necessary to have a temple for the visitors.
|